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Response snapshot Oct 26, 2026, 22:42 UTC

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VulnerabilityCVE-2023-48022Known exploitation

Ray Jobs API exposure with disputed CVE status

Ray's Jobs API can execute submitted code on a cluster reachable by untrusted clients. Oligo reports malicious use of exposed clusters; Anyscale disputes the CVE because Ray's security boundary requires a controlled network environment.

At a glance

Exploited
Yes: reported by a cited source
Severity
9.8 Critical (CVSS 3.1)
Chance of exploitation
83.9% in the next 30 days
AI involvement
AI system flawed or attacked (confirmed by source)
Sources
4 independent sources

What to do

Keep Ray APIs within a trusted network and review exposed clusters for malicious jobs. Configure token authentication and encrypted connections using Ray's current guidance; do not treat the historical dispute as evidence that public exposure is safe.

Read Oligo ShadowRay investigation (opens a new tab)

AI involvement

Confirmed by the linked source

AI system flawed or attacked

Ray supports distributed AI workloads. Oligo's malicious-use report is about attacks on that infrastructure, not evidence of AI-assisted attackers.

A vulnerability in an AI product does not establish that an attacker used AI.

Read the attribution evidence (opens a new tab)

Scores and how they were measured

CVSS base severity

9.8

Version 3.1As of

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Measurement source (opens a new tab)

How bad it is if exploited. Not a prediction of exploitation or proof you are exposed.

EPSS probability

83.9%

Scored Percentile 99.7%

Model and measurement source (opens a new tab)

A model's estimate of exploitation in the next 30 days, not certainty or your own risk.

Related technology

Sources

  1. Primary source

    Oligo ShadowRay investigation (opens a new tab)

    Reported observations of malicious jobs, miners and reverse shells on exposed AI clusters; open-source product scope.

    Published Checked

  2. Primary source

    Anyscale update on Ray CVEs (opens a new tab)

    Vendor's disputed-CVE position and the external network security boundary; historical authentication context.

    Published Checked

  3. Primary source

    Ray token authentication documentation (opens a new tab)

    Token support from 2.52.0, current rollout caveats, and the requirement for encrypted network connections.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  4. Primary source

    FIRST measured EPSS score (opens a new tab)

    Measured EPSS probability and percentile for CVE-2023-48022, scored 2026-10-26. This is a model estimate, not proof of exposure.

    Published Checked

  5. Primary source

    CVE Program ADP assessment CISA-ADP (opens a new tab)

    The published CVE-2023-48022 document's ADP assessment supplies this CVSS 3.1 base score, vector, and authoritative source update date.

    Published Checked

Cite this record

For factual claims, cite the primary sources above; cite KEVWire for its compilation, dates, and classifications.

APA

KEVWire. (2025, December 17). Ray Jobs API exposure with disputed CVE status (CVE-2023-48022). https://kevwire.com/record/CVE-2023-48022

MLA

"Ray Jobs API exposure with disputed CVE status (CVE-2023-48022)." KEVWire, 17 Dec. 2025, kevwire.com/record/CVE-2023-48022.

Chicago

KEVWire. "Ray Jobs API exposure with disputed CVE status (CVE-2023-48022)." Last modified December 17, 2025. https://kevwire.com/record/CVE-2023-48022.

Evidence summary (plain text)

Ray Jobs API exposure with disputed CVE status (Nov 28, 2023).
Ray's Jobs API can execute submitted code on a cluster reachable by untrusted clients. Oligo reports malicious use of exposed clusters; Anyscale disputes the CVE because Ray's security boundary requires a controlled network environment.
CVSS 9.8 (version 3.1; evidence as of Jun 12, 2024; https://cveawg.mitre.org/api/cve/CVE-2023-48022).
EPSS 83.9% for the following 30 days, scored Oct 26, 2026 (https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2023-48022&date=2026-10-26).
AI classification: infrastructure; evidence: confirmed. Ray supports distributed AI workloads. Oligo's malicious-use report is about attacks on that infrastructure, not evidence of AI-assisted attackers.
Sources:
Oligo ShadowRay investigation: https://www.oligo.security/blog/shadowray-attack-ai-workloads-actively-exploited-in-the-wild
Anyscale update on Ray CVEs: https://www.anyscale.com/blog/update-on-ray-cves-cve-2023-6019-cve-2023-6020-cve-2023-6021-cve-2023-48022-cve-2023-48023
Ray token authentication documentation: https://docs.ray.io/en/latest/ray-security/token-auth.html
FIRST measured EPSS score: https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2023-48022&date=2026-10-26
CVE Program ADP assessment CISA-ADP: https://cveawg.mitre.org/api/cve/CVE-2023-48022
Record ID: CVE-2023-48022.
Record origin: Editorial selection.
AI evidence: Confirmed by the linked source.
Known exploitation: Documented by a cited source.
Zero-day status: Not assessed. KEV membership alone does not establish zero-day status.
About this data

This record was assembled editorially. Editorial review: Oct 26, 2026. Editorial selection does not make a reported claim independently confirmed.

A CISA KEV listing documents known exploitation, not necessarily a zero-day; absence from the catalog does not prove a vulnerability has never been exploited.

Technology tags indicate possible relevance, not verified exposure. Confirm the affected product, version, and configuration against your own inventory; KEVWire does not scan your systems.

A personal reading checklist on this device, not verified remediation.

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Record details

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