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Response snapshot Oct 28, 2026, 20:06 UTC

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VulnerabilityCVE-2026-118264

Echo: Rejected WebSocket upgrades can bypass Echo route-level access controls

Echo's Proxy middleware selected a raw tunnel when the client requested a WebSocket upgrade, before validating whether the configured upstream accepted it.

At a glance

Exploited
Not known
Severity
9.1 Critical (CVSS 4.0)
Chance of exploitation
Not estimated
Sources
2 independent sources

What to do

GitHub lists first patched versions: github.com/labstack/echo/v4: 4.16.1; github.com/labstack/echo/v5: 5.4.1. Confirm the affected range and upgrade guidance in the exact advisory.

Read GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8 (opens a new tab)

What happened

Impact

Echo's Proxy middleware selected a raw tunnel when the client requested a WebSocket upgrade, before validating whether the configured upstream accepted it. If the upstream returned an ordinary HTTP response and kept the connection alive, subsequent HTTP requests on that connection were forwarded directly to the same upstream without passing through Echo's router or route-specific middleware.

This can bypass authentication or authorization enforced only at Echo's routes. Exploitation requires an accessible proxy route, an upstream that rejects the upgrade without closing the connection, and a target resource on that upstream without independent authorization. The issue does not provide arbitrary-host proxying or bypass the upstream's own authentication.

Affected versions and patch

Continue reading

The raw proxy implementation is present throughout the v4 and v5 release lines up to v4.16.0 and v5.4.0. Runtime reproductions confirmed v4.15.0, v4.16.0, v5.0.0 and v5.4.0; source history also shows the missing upgrade-response validation in v4.0.0.

Upgrade to [v4.16.1](https://github.com/labstack/echo/releases/tag/v4.16.1) or [v5.4.1](https://github.com/labstack/echo/releases/tag/v5.4.1). The patch routes WebSocket upgrades through Go's HTTP reverse proxy and enters a tunnel only after a valid upstream upgrade response. Rejected upgrades remain ordinary HTTP requests.

Fix commits: [v4](https://github.com/labstack/echo/commit/3fb0ba7e17645bb65611e2a08875d0a2f65c421f), [v5](https://github.com/labstack/echo/commit/1855061e572ae9dab727c811d8382f266bfbaaec).

Workarounds

Reject WebSocket upgrade requests before they reach affected Echo proxy routes, or enforce authorization independently at every upstream resource. Merely returning a non-101 response from the upstream does not prevent the vulnerable raw tunnel.

Credits

Reported by @Duodum.

Affected package ranges reported by GitHub: github.com/labstack/echo/v4: >= 4.0.0, < 4.16.1 github.com/labstack/echo/v5: >= 5.0.0, < 5.4.1

Scores and how they were measured

CVSS base severity

9.1

Version 4.0As of

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Measurement source (opens a new tab)

How bad it is if exploited. Not a prediction of exploitation or proof you are exposed.

EPSS probability

Not available

A model's estimate of exploitation in the next 30 days, not certainty or your own risk.

Related technology

Sources

  1. Primary source

    GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8 (opens a new tab)

    The public advisory supplies the description, affected package/version ranges, and any listed CVSS metric. GitHub review is not local review.

    Published Checked

  2. Primary source

    GitHub public advisory API page (opens a new tab)

    The API page supplied GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8, its actual identifiers, source dates, and structured metrics.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  3. Primary source

    GitHub public advisory API page (opens a new tab)

    The API page supplied GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8, its actual identifiers, source dates, and structured metrics.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  4. Primary source

    GitHub public advisory API page (opens a new tab)

    The API page supplied GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8, its actual identifiers, source dates, and structured metrics.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  5. Primary source

    GitHub public advisory API page (opens a new tab)

    The API page supplied GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8, its actual identifiers, source dates, and structured metrics.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  6. Primary source

    GitHub public advisory API page (opens a new tab)

    The API page supplied GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8, its actual identifiers, source dates, and structured metrics.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  7. Primary source

    GitHub public advisory API page (opens a new tab)

    The API page supplied GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8, its actual identifiers, source dates, and structured metrics.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  8. Primary source

    GitHub public advisory API page (opens a new tab)

    The API page supplied GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8, its actual identifiers, source dates, and structured metrics.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  9. Primary source

    GitHub public advisory API page (opens a new tab)

    The API page supplied GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8, its actual identifiers, source dates, and structured metrics.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  10. Primary source

    GitHub public advisory API page (opens a new tab)

    The API page supplied GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8, its actual identifiers, source dates, and structured metrics.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  11. Primary source

    GitHub public advisory API page (opens a new tab)

    The API page supplied GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8, its actual identifiers, source dates, and structured metrics.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  12. Primary source

    GitHub public advisory API page (opens a new tab)

    The API page supplied GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8, its actual identifiers, source dates, and structured metrics.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  13. Primary source

    GitHub public advisory API page (opens a new tab)

    The API page supplied GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8, its actual identifiers, source dates, and structured metrics.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  14. Primary source

    GitHub public advisory API page (opens a new tab)

    The API page supplied GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8, its actual identifiers, source dates, and structured metrics.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  15. Primary source

    NVD CVE-2026-118264 (opens a new tab)

    NVD record: description, CVSS (the CNA score is preferred), affected products, and publication date. Not evidence of exploitation.

    Published Checked

  16. Primary source

    NVD CVE API 2.0 (opens a new tab)

    The NVD API page that supplied this CVE record.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  17. Primary source

    NVD CVE API 2.0 (opens a new tab)

    The NVD API page that supplied this CVE record.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

Cite this record

For factual claims, cite the primary sources above; cite KEVWire for its compilation, dates, and classifications.

APA

KEVWire. (2026, October 28). Echo: Rejected WebSocket upgrades can bypass Echo route-level access controls (CVE-2026-118264). https://kevwire.com/record/CVE-2026-118264

MLA

"Echo: Rejected WebSocket upgrades can bypass Echo route-level access controls (CVE-2026-118264)." KEVWire, 28 Oct. 2026, kevwire.com/record/CVE-2026-118264.

Chicago

KEVWire. "Echo: Rejected WebSocket upgrades can bypass Echo route-level access controls (CVE-2026-118264)." Last modified October 28, 2026. https://kevwire.com/record/CVE-2026-118264.

Evidence summary (plain text)

Echo: Rejected WebSocket upgrades can bypass Echo route-level access controls (Oct 23, 2026).
Echo's Proxy middleware selected a raw tunnel when the client requested a WebSocket upgrade, before validating whether the configured upstream accepted it. If the upstream returned an ordinary HTTP response and kept the connection alive, subsequent HTTP requests on that connection were forwarded directly to the same upstream without passing through Echo's router or route-specific middleware.

This can bypass authentication or authorization enforced only at Echo's routes.
CVSS 9.1 (version 4.0; evidence as of Oct 28, 2026; https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8).
Sources:
GitHub-reviewed advisory GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-cxf3-9h37-7rr8
GitHub public advisory API page: https://api.github.com/advisories?type=reviewed&per_page=100&sort=updated&direction=desc
GitHub public advisory API page: https://api.github.com/advisories?type=reviewed&per_page=100&sort=updated&direction=desc&after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyNi0xMC0yNlQxNTo1NzoxMVrOAAVN6w%3D%3D
GitHub public advisory API page: https://api.github.com/advisories?type=reviewed&per_page=100&sort=updated&direction=desc&after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyNi0xMC0yNlQxNTo0ODozOVrOAAe-5A%3D%3D
GitHub public advisory API page: https://api.github.com/advisories?type=reviewed&per_page=100&sort=updated&direction=desc&after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyNi0xMC0yNlQxNDoyMjo1M1rOAAe_oA%3D%3D
GitHub public advisory API page: https://api.github.com/advisories?type=reviewed&per_page=100&sort=updated&direction=desc&after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyNi0xMC0yM1QyMjoxMzoxOFrOAAf0ZA%3D%3D
GitHub public advisory API page: https://api.github.com/advisories?type=reviewed&per_page=100&sort=updated&direction=desc&after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyNi0xMC0yM1QyMTozNDoxMFrOAAfmfw%3D%3D
GitHub public advisory API page: https://api.github.com/advisories?type=reviewed&per_page=100&sort=updated&direction=desc&after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyNi0xMC0yM1QyMTozMjowN1rOAAf0Pw%3D%3D
GitHub public advisory API page: https://api.github.com/advisories?type=reviewed&per_page=100&sort=updated&direction=desc&after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyNi0xMC0yM1QyMjowOTo1M1rOAAf0Yw%3D%3D
GitHub public advisory API page: https://api.github.com/advisories?type=reviewed&per_page=100&sort=updated&direction=desc&after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyNi0xMC0yM1QyMjowODoyMlrOAAf0Yg%3D%3D
GitHub public advisory API page: https://api.github.com/advisories?type=reviewed&per_page=100&sort=updated&direction=desc&after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyNi0xMC0yM1QyMjowMDoxMlrOAAf0Wg%3D%3D
GitHub public advisory API page: https://api.github.com/advisories?type=reviewed&per_page=100&sort=updated&direction=desc&after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyNi0xMC0yM1QyMTo0Nzo0OVrOAAf0Tg%3D%3D
GitHub public advisory API page: https://api.github.com/advisories?type=reviewed&per_page=100&sort=updated&direction=desc&after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyNi0xMC0yM1QyMTo0NzowN1rOAAX6sg%3D%3D
GitHub public advisory API page: https://api.github.com/advisories?type=reviewed&per_page=100&sort=updated&direction=desc&after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyNi0xMC0yM1QyMDo1MTozMFrOAAf0Mg%3D%3D
NVD CVE-2026-118264: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-118264
NVD CVE API 2.0: https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?lastModStartDate=2026-10-28T18:31:08.168Z&lastModEndDate=2026-10-28T20:05:58.019Z&resultsPerPage=500&startIndex=0
NVD CVE API 2.0: https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?lastModStartDate=2026-10-28T17:55:58.678Z&lastModEndDate=2026-10-28T19:30:56.852Z&resultsPerPage=500&startIndex=0
Record ID: CVE-2026-118264.
Record origin: Ingested record.
AI evidence: Not assessed.
Known exploitation: Not assessed.
Zero-day status: Not assessed. KEV membership alone does not establish zero-day status.
About this data

This record was ingested from a data source. Retrieved: Oct 28, 2026, 20:05 UTC. Ingestion is not an independent editorial investigation.

A CISA KEV listing documents known exploitation, not necessarily a zero-day; absence from the catalog does not prove a vulnerability has never been exploited.

Technology tags indicate possible relevance, not verified exposure. Confirm the affected product, version, and configuration against your own inventory; KEVWire does not scan your systems.

A personal reading checklist on this device, not verified remediation.

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