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Response snapshot Oct 30, 2026, 23:06 UTC

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VulnerabilityCVE-2026-62333

OpenVM is a performant and modular zkVM framework built for customization and extensibility.

OpenVM is a performant and modular zkVM framework built for customization and extensibility. Before 1.7.0 in the 1.x line and in affected 2.0 and 2.1 prereleases, MemoryMerkleAir does not forbid Merkle expansion rows at parent_height = 0 or below while expand_direction != 0.

At a glance

Exploited
Not known
Severity
8.7 High (CVSS 4.0)
Chance of exploitation
Not estimated
Sources
1 source

What to do

Check the vendor advisory for affected versions and fixes.

Read NVD CVE-2026-62333 (opens a new tab)

What happened

OpenVM is a performant and modular zkVM framework built for customization and extensibility. Before 1.7.0 in the 1.x line and in affected 2.0 and 2.1 prereleases, MemoryMerkleAir does not forbid Merkle expansion rows at parent_height = 0 or below while expand_direction != 0.

A malicious prover can fabricate a subtree below a memory leaf and swap digests inside that subtree to change the committed memory root without a corresponding memory operation. The fraudulent rows still balance against the Merkle and compression buses and require no memory-bus operation for the changed leaf.

Because the memory Merkle root binds VM memory state across continuation segment boundaries, this affects the soundness of OpenVM proofs using persistent memory. This issue is fixed in versions 1.7.0, 2.0.0-rc.3 and 2.1.0-preview.

Scores and how they were measured

CVSS base severity

8.7

Version 4.0As of

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Measurement source (opens a new tab)

How bad it is if exploited. Not a prediction of exploitation or proof you are exposed.

EPSS probability

Not available

A model's estimate of exploitation in the next 30 days, not certainty or your own risk.

Sources

  1. Primary source

    NVD CVE-2026-62333 (opens a new tab)

    NVD record: description, CVSS (the CNA score is preferred), affected products, and publication date. Not evidence of exploitation.

    Published Checked

  2. Primary source

    NVD CVE API 2.0 (opens a new tab)

    The NVD API page that supplied this CVE record.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

  3. Primary source

    NVD CVE API 2.0 (opens a new tab)

    The NVD API page that supplied this CVE record.

    Published Date not suppliedChecked

Cite this record

For factual claims, cite the primary sources above; cite KEVWire for its compilation, dates, and classifications.

APA

KEVWire. (2026, October 30). OpenVM is a performant and modular zkVM framework built for customization and extensibility. (CVE-2026-62333). https://kevwire.com/record/CVE-2026-62333

MLA

"OpenVM is a performant and modular zkVM framework built for customization and extensibility. (CVE-2026-62333)." KEVWire, 30 Oct. 2026, kevwire.com/record/CVE-2026-62333.

Chicago

KEVWire. "OpenVM is a performant and modular zkVM framework built for customization and extensibility. (CVE-2026-62333)." Last modified October 30, 2026. https://kevwire.com/record/CVE-2026-62333.

Evidence summary (plain text)

OpenVM is a performant and modular zkVM framework built for customization and extensibility. (Oct 30, 2026).
OpenVM is a performant and modular zkVM framework built for customization and extensibility. Before 1.7.0 in the 1.x line and in affected 2.0 and 2.1 prereleases, MemoryMerkleAir does not forbid Merkle expansion rows at parent_height = 0 or below while expand_direction != 0. A malicious prover can fabricate a subtree below a memory leaf and swap digests inside that subtree to change the committed memory root without a corresponding memory operation. The fraudulent rows still balance against the Merkle and compression buses and require no memory-bus operation for the changed leaf.
CVSS 8.7 (version 4.0; evidence as of Oct 30, 2026; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62333).
Sources:
NVD CVE-2026-62333: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62333
NVD CVE API 2.0: https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?lastModStartDate=2026-10-30T19:46:09.038Z&lastModEndDate=2026-10-30T21:20:56.675Z&resultsPerPage=500&startIndex=0
NVD CVE API 2.0: https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?lastModStartDate=2026-10-30T19:16:05.328Z&lastModEndDate=2026-10-30T20:45:56.257Z&resultsPerPage=500&startIndex=500
Record ID: CVE-2026-62333.
Record origin: Ingested record.
AI evidence: Not assessed.
Known exploitation: Not assessed.
Zero-day status: Not assessed. KEV membership alone does not establish zero-day status.
About this data

This record was ingested from a data source. Retrieved: Oct 30, 2026, 21:20 UTC. Ingestion is not an independent editorial investigation.

NVD status: Received. Publication in the NVD is not evidence of exploitation.

A CISA KEV listing documents known exploitation, not necessarily a zero-day; absence from the catalog does not prove a vulnerability has never been exploited.

Technology tags indicate possible relevance, not verified exposure. Confirm the affected product, version, and configuration against your own inventory; KEVWire does not scan your systems.

A personal reading checklist on this device, not verified remediation.

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Record details

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